What are the functions and precautions of venous indwelling needles?

The application of intravenous indwelling needle is a better method for clinical transfusion. The intravenous indwelling needle is easy to operate and suitable for puncture of any part. It also reduces the pain of repeated puncture of patients and the workload of nurses.

1. Use cautions

(1) When using intravenous indwelling needle, the aseptic technical operating rules must be strictly enforced.

(2) Closely observe the changes of vital signs and local conditions of patients. Before and after each infusion, the puncture site and vein direction should be checked for redness and swelling, and patients should be asked whether there is pain and discomfort. If there is any abnormal situation, the catheter should be removed in time and treated accordingly. For those who still need transfusion, the limbs should be replaced and punctured separately.

(3) The limbs with venous indwelling needles should be fixed properly, and the limbs'activities should be minimized to avoid being wet by water. If you need to wash your face or take a bath, wrap the part with plastic paper. For patients who can move down to the ground, venous indwelling needles should not be kept in the lower limbs, so as not to cause blood return and obstruct the catheter due to gravity.

(4) Drain blood before each infusion, then rinse the catheter with sterile 0.9% sodium chloride injection. If there is no blood return, when there is resistance to flushing, the indwelling needle catheter should be considered to block the tube. At this time, the venous indwelling needle should be pulled out, and it should be remembered that no strong injection with syringe can be used, so as not to push the coagulated thrombus into the blood vessel and cause embolism.

2. Guidelines for Use

(1) Bring the object to the bedside of the patient and explain the number and name of the bed to the patient.

(2) Hang the infusion bottle on the infusion stand, open the outer package of the catheter needle and wear gloves.

(3) Selection of blood vessels. Pulse band was ligated 10 cm above the puncture point, and local skin disinfection was carried out according to the routine.

(4) Take out the catheter needle, remove the needle sleeve, and turn the needle center to make the needle inclined upward. Puncture the scalp of the prepared intravenous infusion device into the heparin cap, exhaust the air and close the switch of the infusion device.

(5) The needle and skin were punctured at an angle of 15 ~30. When blood returned, the puncture needle was pushed 0.2~0.5 cm at a lower angle. Ask the patient to clench his fist, tighten the skin with his left hand, and clamp the guard wing of the catheter needle with his thumb and forefinger with his right hand. Fixed the catheter needle with the right hand, pulled out the needle heart with the left hand 0.5-1 cm, and put all the external cannula into the vein with the left hand. Loosen the pulse band and instruct the patient to loosen his fist.

(6) Take out the needle core, fix the needle with special application, write the patient's name, date and time on the application, then fix the heparin cap and take out the pulse band.

(7) Take off gloves, check again, record time, drip rate and sign on the infusion card. Adjust infusion speed according to doctor's advice and condition (refer to intravenous infusion method).

(8) Assist patients to lie in comfortable position, make beds, dispose of substances by intradermal injection and wash hands.

(9) Explain the matters needing attention to the patients and conduct health education according to the situation.

(10) Sealing: When the liquid has been transported, it is sealed.

Routine disinfection of heparin cap.

(2) Puncture the syringe needle with sealing fluid (0.9% sodium chloride injection and 0.9% sodium chloride injection) into the heparin cap. (Concentration of heparin solution: 1 heparin 12.5 million U diluted in 125-1250 ml 0.9% sodium chloride injection, that is, 10-100 U heparin per milliliter, dosage 5 ml, strict control of the maintenance time of sealing solution, generally 0.9% sodium chloride injection maintained for 6-8 hours, diluted heparin solution maintained for 12 hours).

(3) Pushing and injecting the sealing pipe and withdrawing the needle at the liquid side.

(4) Clamp the retaining needle silica gel tube with a clamp.

(11) Reinfusion

(1) Conventional disinfection of heparin cap: loosen the clamp, and puncture the syringe needle with 0.9% sodium chloride injection into the heparin cap. First, blood is drawn back, then 5-10 ml 0.9% sodium chloride injection is injected.

(2) Needle the scalp of the infusion device into the heparin cap and open the regulator to adjust the drip speed for further infusion.

(3) Observe whether there is redness or swelling in the puncture site and whether there is tenderness on the surface of the complete dressing along the direction of the catheter.